a specialized list that keeps track of the number of duplicates of each item in the list, similar to a reference counter.

this class automatically updates the reference counter on any mutations to the list at O(log(n)), where n is the number of unique items.
note that you must use the set method for index-based assignment, otherwise the class will not be able track the changes made.

  • don't do: my_list[index] = "hello"
  • do: my_list.set(index, "hello")
class TrackedList<T> extends RcList<T> {
public onAdded(item: T): void {
console.log(`new item introduced: ${item}`)
}

public onDeleted(item: T): void {
console.log(`item completely removed: ${item}`)
}
}

const list = new TrackedList<number>()
list.push(1, 2, 2, 3)
// logs: "new item introduced: 1", "new item introduced: 2", "new item introduced: 3"

list.pop() // removes 3
// logs: "item completely removed: 3"

list.splice(0, 1) // removes 1
// logs: "item completely removed: 1"

list.unshift(4, 4, 5)
// logs: "new item introduced: 4", "new item introduced: 5"

list.shift() // removes 4
// logs: "item completely removed: 4"

list.set(0, 6) // replaces 2 with 6
// logs: "item completely removed: 2", "new item introduced: 6"

list.set(99, 9999) // `list[99] = 9999`, in addition to extending the length of the list to `100`
// logs: "new item introduced: 99"
// the reference counter of `undefined` is now `95`, because the length of the list was extended by `96` elements,
// and the final element (index `99`) was assigned the value of `9999`.
// note that `onAdded` is not called for `undefined` elements that are introduced as a consequence of the list extending after assignment.
// but `onAdded` will be called when the user _actually_ inserts an `undefined` element via direct mutation methods.

Type Parameters

  • T

Hierarchy (view full)

Constructors

Properties

[unscopables]: {
    find?: any;
    findIndex?: any;
    fill?: any;
    copyWithin?: any;
    [iterator]?: any;
    entries?: any;
    keys?: any;
    values?: any;
    [unscopables]?: boolean;
    includes?: any;
    flatMap?: any;
    flat?: any;
    at?: any;
    findLast?: any;
    findLastIndex?: any;
    toReversed?: any;
    toSorted?: any;
    toSpliced?: any;
    with?: any;
    length?: boolean;
    toString?: any;
    toLocaleString?: any;
    pop?: any;
    push?: any;
    concat?: any;
    join?: any;
    reverse?: any;
    shift?: any;
    slice?: any;
    sort?: any;
    splice?: any;
    unshift?: any;
    indexOf?: any;
    lastIndexOf?: any;
    every?: any;
    some?: any;
    forEach?: any;
    map?: any;
    filter?: any;
    reduce?: any;
    reduceRight?: any;
}

Is an object whose properties have the value 'true' when they will be absent when used in a 'with' statement.

Type declaration

  • Optional Readonly[unscopables]?: boolean

    Is an object whose properties have the value 'true' when they will be absent when used in a 'with' statement.

  • Optionallength?: boolean

    Gets or sets the length of the array. This is a number one higher than the highest index in the array.

[species]: ArrayConstructor
length: number

Gets or sets the length of the array. This is a number one higher than the highest index in the array.

rc: Map<T, number> = ...

the reference counting Map, that bookkeeps the multiplicity of each item in the list.

getRc: ((...args: [key: T]) => undefined | number) = ...

get the reference count (multiplicity) of a specific item in the list.

setRc: ((...args: [key: T, value: number]) => Map<T, number>) = ...

set the reference count of a specific item in the list.

delRc: ((...args: [key: T]) => boolean) = ...

delete the reference counting of a specific item in the list. a true is returned if the item did exist in rc, prior to deletion.

from: (<T, U>(arrayLike: ArrayLike<T>, mapfn?: ((v: T, k: number) => U), thisArg?: any) => RcList<U>)
of: (<T>(...items: T[]) => RcList<T>)

Methods

  • Returns the value of the first element in the array where predicate is true, and undefined otherwise.

    Type Parameters

    • S

    Parameters

    • predicate: ((value: T, index: number, obj: T[]) => value is S)

      find calls predicate once for each element of the array, in ascending order, until it finds one where predicate returns true. If such an element is found, find immediately returns that element value. Otherwise, find returns undefined.

        • (value, index, obj): value is S
        • Parameters

          • value: T
          • index: number
          • obj: T[]

          Returns value is S

    • OptionalthisArg: any

      If provided, it will be used as the this value for each invocation of predicate. If it is not provided, undefined is used instead.

    Returns undefined | S

  • Parameters

    • predicate: ((value: T, index: number, obj: T[]) => unknown)
        • (value, index, obj): unknown
        • Parameters

          • value: T
          • index: number
          • obj: T[]

          Returns unknown

    • OptionalthisArg: any

    Returns undefined | T

  • Returns the index of the first element in the array where predicate is true, and -1 otherwise.

    Parameters

    • predicate: ((value: T, index: number, obj: T[]) => unknown)

      find calls predicate once for each element of the array, in ascending order, until it finds one where predicate returns true. If such an element is found, findIndex immediately returns that element index. Otherwise, findIndex returns -1.

        • (value, index, obj): unknown
        • Parameters

          • value: T
          • index: number
          • obj: T[]

          Returns unknown

    • OptionalthisArg: any

      If provided, it will be used as the this value for each invocation of predicate. If it is not provided, undefined is used instead.

    Returns number

  • Changes all array elements from start to end index to a static value and returns the modified array

    Parameters

    • value: T

      value to fill array section with

    • Optionalstart: number

      index to start filling the array at. If start is negative, it is treated as length+start where length is the length of the array.

    • Optionalend: number

      index to stop filling the array at. If end is negative, it is treated as length+end.

    Returns this

  • Returns the this object after copying a section of the array identified by start and end to the same array starting at position target

    Parameters

    • target: number

      If target is negative, it is treated as length+target where length is the length of the array.

    • start: number

      If start is negative, it is treated as length+start. If end is negative, it is treated as length+end.

    • Optionalend: number

      If not specified, length of the this object is used as its default value.

    Returns this

  • Iterator

    Returns ArrayIterator<T>

  • Returns an iterable of key, value pairs for every entry in the array

    Returns ArrayIterator<[number, T]>

  • Returns an iterable of keys in the array

    Returns ArrayIterator<number>

  • Returns an iterable of values in the array

    Returns ArrayIterator<T>

  • Determines whether an array includes a certain element, returning true or false as appropriate.

    Parameters

    • searchElement: T

      The element to search for.

    • OptionalfromIndex: number

      The position in this array at which to begin searching for searchElement.

    Returns boolean

  • Returns a new array with all sub-array elements concatenated into it recursively up to the specified depth.

    Type Parameters

    • A
    • D extends number = 1

    Parameters

    • this: A
    • Optionaldepth: D

      The maximum recursion depth

    Returns FlatArray<A, D>[]

  • Returns the item located at the specified index.

    Parameters

    • index: number

      The zero-based index of the desired code unit. A negative index will count back from the last item.

    Returns undefined | T

  • Returns the value of the last element in the array where predicate is true, and undefined otherwise.

    Type Parameters

    • S

    Parameters

    • predicate: ((value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => value is S)

      findLast calls predicate once for each element of the array, in descending order, until it finds one where predicate returns true. If such an element is found, findLast immediately returns that element value. Otherwise, findLast returns undefined.

        • (value, index, array): value is S
        • Parameters

          • value: T
          • index: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns value is S

    • OptionalthisArg: any

      If provided, it will be used as the this value for each invocation of predicate. If it is not provided, undefined is used instead.

    Returns undefined | S

  • Parameters

    • predicate: ((value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => unknown)
        • (value, index, array): unknown
        • Parameters

          • value: T
          • index: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns unknown

    • OptionalthisArg: any

    Returns undefined | T

  • Returns the index of the last element in the array where predicate is true, and -1 otherwise.

    Parameters

    • predicate: ((value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => unknown)

      findLastIndex calls predicate once for each element of the array, in descending order, until it finds one where predicate returns true. If such an element is found, findLastIndex immediately returns that element index. Otherwise, findLastIndex returns -1.

        • (value, index, array): unknown
        • Parameters

          • value: T
          • index: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns unknown

    • OptionalthisArg: any

      If provided, it will be used as the this value for each invocation of predicate. If it is not provided, undefined is used instead.

    Returns number

  • Returns a copy of an array with its elements reversed.

    Returns T[]

  • Returns a copy of an array with its elements sorted.

    Parameters

    • OptionalcompareFn: ((a: T, b: T) => number)

      Function used to determine the order of the elements. It is expected to return a negative value if the first argument is less than the second argument, zero if they're equal, and a positive value otherwise. If omitted, the elements are sorted in ascending, ASCII character order.

      [11, 2, 22, 1].toSorted((a, b) => a - b) // [1, 2, 11, 22]
      
        • (a, b): number
        • Parameters

          Returns number

    Returns T[]

  • Copies an array and removes elements and, if necessary, inserts new elements in their place. Returns the copied array.

    Parameters

    • start: number

      The zero-based location in the array from which to start removing elements.

    • deleteCount: number

      The number of elements to remove.

    • Rest...items: T[]

      Elements to insert into the copied array in place of the deleted elements.

    Returns T[]

    The copied array.

  • Copies an array and removes elements while returning the remaining elements.

    Parameters

    • start: number

      The zero-based location in the array from which to start removing elements.

    • OptionaldeleteCount: number

      The number of elements to remove.

    Returns T[]

    A copy of the original array with the remaining elements.

  • Copies an array, then overwrites the value at the provided index with the given value. If the index is negative, then it replaces from the end of the array.

    Parameters

    • index: number

      The index of the value to overwrite. If the index is negative, then it replaces from the end of the array.

    • value: T

      The value to write into the copied array.

    Returns T[]

    The copied array with the updated value.

  • Returns a string representation of an array.

    Returns string

  • Returns a string representation of an array. The elements are converted to string using their toLocaleString methods.

    Returns string

  • Parameters

    • locales: string | string[]
    • Optionaloptions: NumberFormatOptions & DateTimeFormatOptions

    Returns string

  • Combines two or more arrays. This method returns a new array without modifying any existing arrays.

    Parameters

    • Rest...items: ConcatArray<T>[]

      Additional arrays and/or items to add to the end of the array.

    Returns T[]

  • Combines two or more arrays. This method returns a new array without modifying any existing arrays.

    Parameters

    • Rest...items: (T | ConcatArray<T>)[]

      Additional arrays and/or items to add to the end of the array.

    Returns T[]

  • Adds all the elements of an array into a string, separated by the specified separator string.

    Parameters

    • Optionalseparator: string

      A string used to separate one element of the array from the next in the resulting string. If omitted, the array elements are separated with a comma.

    Returns string

  • Reverses the elements in an array in place. This method mutates the array and returns a reference to the same array.

    Returns T[]

  • Returns a copy of a section of an array. For both start and end, a negative index can be used to indicate an offset from the end of the array. For example, -2 refers to the second to last element of the array.

    Parameters

    • Optionalstart: number

      The beginning index of the specified portion of the array. If start is undefined, then the slice begins at index 0.

    • Optionalend: number

      The end index of the specified portion of the array. This is exclusive of the element at the index 'end'. If end is undefined, then the slice extends to the end of the array.

    Returns T[]

  • Sorts an array in place. This method mutates the array and returns a reference to the same array.

    Parameters

    • OptionalcompareFn: ((a: T, b: T) => number)

      Function used to determine the order of the elements. It is expected to return a negative value if the first argument is less than the second argument, zero if they're equal, and a positive value otherwise. If omitted, the elements are sorted in ascending, ASCII character order.

      [11,2,22,1].sort((a, b) => a - b)
      
        • (a, b): number
        • Parameters

          Returns number

    Returns this

  • Returns the index of the first occurrence of a value in an array, or -1 if it is not present.

    Parameters

    • searchElement: T

      The value to locate in the array.

    • OptionalfromIndex: number

      The array index at which to begin the search. If fromIndex is omitted, the search starts at index 0.

    Returns number

  • Returns the index of the last occurrence of a specified value in an array, or -1 if it is not present.

    Parameters

    • searchElement: T

      The value to locate in the array.

    • OptionalfromIndex: number

      The array index at which to begin searching backward. If fromIndex is omitted, the search starts at the last index in the array.

    Returns number

  • Determines whether all the members of an array satisfy the specified test.

    Type Parameters

    • S

    Parameters

    • predicate: ((value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => value is S)

      A function that accepts up to three arguments. The every method calls the predicate function for each element in the array until the predicate returns a value which is coercible to the Boolean value false, or until the end of the array.

        • (value, index, array): value is S
        • Parameters

          • value: T
          • index: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns value is S

    • OptionalthisArg: any

      An object to which the this keyword can refer in the predicate function. If thisArg is omitted, undefined is used as the this value.

    Returns this is S[]

  • Determines whether all the members of an array satisfy the specified test.

    Parameters

    • predicate: ((value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => unknown)

      A function that accepts up to three arguments. The every method calls the predicate function for each element in the array until the predicate returns a value which is coercible to the Boolean value false, or until the end of the array.

        • (value, index, array): unknown
        • Parameters

          • value: T
          • index: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns unknown

    • OptionalthisArg: any

      An object to which the this keyword can refer in the predicate function. If thisArg is omitted, undefined is used as the this value.

    Returns boolean

  • Determines whether the specified callback function returns true for any element of an array.

    Parameters

    • predicate: ((value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => unknown)

      A function that accepts up to three arguments. The some method calls the predicate function for each element in the array until the predicate returns a value which is coercible to the Boolean value true, or until the end of the array.

        • (value, index, array): unknown
        • Parameters

          • value: T
          • index: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns unknown

    • OptionalthisArg: any

      An object to which the this keyword can refer in the predicate function. If thisArg is omitted, undefined is used as the this value.

    Returns boolean

  • Performs the specified action for each element in an array.

    Parameters

    • callbackfn: ((value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => void)

      A function that accepts up to three arguments. forEach calls the callbackfn function one time for each element in the array.

        • (value, index, array): void
        • Parameters

          • value: T
          • index: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns void

    • OptionalthisArg: any

      An object to which the this keyword can refer in the callbackfn function. If thisArg is omitted, undefined is used as the this value.

    Returns void

  • Returns the elements of an array that meet the condition specified in a callback function.

    Type Parameters

    • S

    Parameters

    • predicate: ((value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => value is S)

      A function that accepts up to three arguments. The filter method calls the predicate function one time for each element in the array.

        • (value, index, array): value is S
        • Parameters

          • value: T
          • index: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns value is S

    • OptionalthisArg: any

      An object to which the this keyword can refer in the predicate function. If thisArg is omitted, undefined is used as the this value.

    Returns S[]

  • Returns the elements of an array that meet the condition specified in a callback function.

    Parameters

    • predicate: ((value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => unknown)

      A function that accepts up to three arguments. The filter method calls the predicate function one time for each element in the array.

        • (value, index, array): unknown
        • Parameters

          • value: T
          • index: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns unknown

    • OptionalthisArg: any

      An object to which the this keyword can refer in the predicate function. If thisArg is omitted, undefined is used as the this value.

    Returns T[]

  • Calls the specified callback function for all the elements in an array. The return value of the callback function is the accumulated result, and is provided as an argument in the next call to the callback function.

    Parameters

    • callbackfn: ((previousValue: T, currentValue: T, currentIndex: number, array: T[]) => T)

      A function that accepts up to four arguments. The reduce method calls the callbackfn function one time for each element in the array.

        • (previousValue, currentValue, currentIndex, array): T
        • Parameters

          • previousValue: T
          • currentValue: T
          • currentIndex: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns T

    Returns T

  • Parameters

    • callbackfn: ((previousValue: T, currentValue: T, currentIndex: number, array: T[]) => T)
        • (previousValue, currentValue, currentIndex, array): T
        • Parameters

          • previousValue: T
          • currentValue: T
          • currentIndex: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns T

    • initialValue: T

    Returns T

  • Calls the specified callback function for all the elements in an array. The return value of the callback function is the accumulated result, and is provided as an argument in the next call to the callback function.

    Type Parameters

    • U

    Parameters

    • callbackfn: ((previousValue: U, currentValue: T, currentIndex: number, array: T[]) => U)

      A function that accepts up to four arguments. The reduce method calls the callbackfn function one time for each element in the array.

        • (previousValue, currentValue, currentIndex, array): U
        • Parameters

          • previousValue: U
          • currentValue: T
          • currentIndex: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns U

    • initialValue: U

      If initialValue is specified, it is used as the initial value to start the accumulation. The first call to the callbackfn function provides this value as an argument instead of an array value.

    Returns U

  • Calls the specified callback function for all the elements in an array, in descending order. The return value of the callback function is the accumulated result, and is provided as an argument in the next call to the callback function.

    Parameters

    • callbackfn: ((previousValue: T, currentValue: T, currentIndex: number, array: T[]) => T)

      A function that accepts up to four arguments. The reduceRight method calls the callbackfn function one time for each element in the array.

        • (previousValue, currentValue, currentIndex, array): T
        • Parameters

          • previousValue: T
          • currentValue: T
          • currentIndex: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns T

    Returns T

  • Parameters

    • callbackfn: ((previousValue: T, currentValue: T, currentIndex: number, array: T[]) => T)
        • (previousValue, currentValue, currentIndex, array): T
        • Parameters

          • previousValue: T
          • currentValue: T
          • currentIndex: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns T

    • initialValue: T

    Returns T

  • Calls the specified callback function for all the elements in an array, in descending order. The return value of the callback function is the accumulated result, and is provided as an argument in the next call to the callback function.

    Type Parameters

    • U

    Parameters

    • callbackfn: ((previousValue: U, currentValue: T, currentIndex: number, array: T[]) => U)

      A function that accepts up to four arguments. The reduceRight method calls the callbackfn function one time for each element in the array.

        • (previousValue, currentValue, currentIndex, array): U
        • Parameters

          • previousValue: U
          • currentValue: T
          • currentIndex: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns U

    • initialValue: U

      If initialValue is specified, it is used as the initial value to start the accumulation. The first call to the callbackfn function provides this value as an argument instead of an array value.

    Returns U

  • Parameters

    • arg: any

    Returns arg is any[]

  • Creates an array from an async iterator or iterable object.

    Type Parameters

    • T

    Parameters

    • iterableOrArrayLike: AsyncIterable<T, any, any> | Iterable<T | PromiseLike<T>, any, any> | ArrayLike<T | PromiseLike<T>>

      An async iterator or array-like object to convert to an array.

    Returns Promise<T[]>

  • Creates an array from an async iterator or iterable object.

    Type Parameters

    • T
    • U

    Parameters

    • iterableOrArrayLike: AsyncIterable<T, any, any> | Iterable<T, any, any> | ArrayLike<T>

      An async iterator or array-like object to convert to an array.

    • mapFn: ((value: Awaited<T>) => U)
        • (value): U
        • Parameters

          • value: Awaited<T>

          Returns U

    • OptionalthisArg: any

      Value of 'this' used when executing mapfn.

    Returns Promise<Awaited<U>[]>

  • inserts an item at the specified index, shifting all items ahead of it one position to the front.
    negative indices are also supported for indicating the position of the newly added item after the array's length has incremented.

    Parameters

    • index: number
    • item: T

    Returns void

    const arr = new List(0, 1, 2, 3, 4)
    arr.insert(-1, 5) // === [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] // similar to pushing
    arr.insert(-2, 4.5) // === [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5, 5]
    arr.insert(1, 0.5) // === [0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5, 5]
  • deletes an item at the specified index, shifting all items ahead of it one position to the back.
    negative indices are also supported for indicating the deletion index from the end of the array.

    Parameters

    • index: number

    Returns undefined | T

    const arr = new List(0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5, 5)
    arr.delete(-1) // === [0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5] // similar to popping
    arr.delete(-2) // === [0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4.5]
    arr.delete(1) // === [0, 1, 2, 3, 4.5]
  • the map array method needs to have its signature corrected, because apparently, javascript internally creates a new instance of this, instead of a new instance of an Array. the signature of the map method in typescript is misleading, because:

    • it suggests: map<U>(callbackfn: (value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => U, thisArg?: any): U[]
    • but in actuality: map<U>(callbackfn: (value: T, index: number, array: typeof this<T>) => U, thisArg?: any): typeof this<U>

    meaning that in our case, array is of type List<T> (or a subclass thereof), and the return value is also List<U> (or a subclass) instead of Array<U>.
    in addition, it also means that a new instance of this collection (List) is created, in order to fill it with the return output.
    this is perhaps the desired behavior for many uses, but for my specific use of "reference counting" and "list-like collection of signals", this feature does not bode well, as I need to be able to account for each and every single instance. surprise instances of this class are not welcomed, since it would introduce dead dependencies in my "directed acyclic graphs" for signals.

    Type Parameters

    • U

    Parameters

    • callbackfn: ((value: T, index: number, array: RcList<T>) => U)
        • (value, index, array): U
        • Parameters

          Returns U

    • OptionalthisArg: any

    Returns List<U>

  • see the comment on map to understand the necessity for this method, instead of the builtin array map method.

    Type Parameters

    • U

    Parameters

    • callbackfn: ((value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => U)
        • (value, index, array): U
        • Parameters

          • value: T
          • index: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns U

    • OptionalthisArg: any

    Returns U[]

  • see the comment on map to understand the necessity for this method, instead of the builtin array flatMap method.

    Type Parameters

    • U

    Parameters

    • callbackfn: ((value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => U)
        • (value, index, array): U
        • Parameters

          • value: T
          • index: number
          • array: T[]

          Returns U

    • OptionalthisArg: any

    Returns U[]

  • this overridable method gets called when a new unique item is determined to be added to the list.
    this method is called before the item is actually added to the array, but it is executed right after its reference counter has incremented to 1.
    avoid accessing or mutating the array itself in this method's body (consider it an undefined behavior).

    Parameters

    • item: T

      the item that is being added.

    Returns void

  • this overridable method gets called when a unique item (reference count of 1) is determined to be removed from the list.
    this method is called before the item is actually removed from the array, but it is executed right after its reference counter has been deleted.
    avoid accessing or mutating the array itself in this method's body (consider it an undefined behavior).

    Parameters

    • item: T

      the item that is being removed.

    Returns void

  • Removes elements from an array and, if necessary, inserts new elements in their place, returning the deleted elements.

    Parameters

    • start: number

      The zero-based location in the array from which to start removing elements.

    • OptionaldeleteCount: number

      The number of elements to remove.

    • Rest...items: T[]

    Returns T[]

    An array containing the elements that were deleted.

  • swap the position of two items by their index.
    if any of the two indices is out of bound, then appropriate number of empty elements will be created to fill the gap; similar to how index-based assignment works (i.e. my_list[off_bound_index] = "something" will increase my_list's length).

    Parameters

    • index1: number
    • index2: number

    Returns void

  • sets the value at the specified index, updating the counter accordingly.
    always use this method instead of index-based assignment, because the latter is not interceptable (except when using proxies):

    • don't do: my_list[index] = "hello"
    • do: my_list.set(index, "hello")

    Parameters

    • index: number
    • value: T

    Returns T